INTRODUCTION
PART I: CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
CHILD MALTREATMENT DEFINITIONS
Specific Child Maltreatment Terms
RISK FACTORS, SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS FOR CHILD MALTREATMENT
Risk Factors
Signs of Child Maltreatment
Symptoms of Child Maltreatment
FEDERAL DEFINITIONS OF CHILD MALTREATMENT
Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act
Trafficking Victim Protection Act
Safe Harbor Laws
STATE CIVIL AND CRIMINAL LAWS
Parental Substance Use
Child Abandonment
Medical Neglect
Educational Neglect
EMPIRICAL AND ACADEMIC DEFINITIONS OF CHILD MALTREATMENT
Adverse Childhood Experiences
Psychiatric Definitions
Corporal Punishment vs. Physical Abuse
CULTURE, CONTEXT, AND ENVIRONMENT
Culture
Racial and Ethnic Factors
Poverty
Environment
Family Exposure to Violence
Child Marriage in the United States
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
Children with Disabilities
Sex Trafficking
Infants with Prenatal Drug Exposure
INTERNATIONAL PREVALENCE OF CHILD MALTREATMENT
PREVALENCE OF CHILD MALTREATMENT IN THE UNITED STATES
CHILD MALTREATMENT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
PART I SUMMARY
PART II: CHILD PROTECTIVE SERVICES AND MANDATORY REPORTING
PART II INTRODUCTION
CHILD PROTECTIVE SERVICES
Roles and responsibilities of child protective services
Purpose, processes, and strategies of child protective services
Necessary approaches to CPS intervention
Processes of reporting
Stages of reporting and investigation
Steps for investigation and planning in child maltreatment cases
COMPONENTS OF A COMPREHENSIVE FAMILY ASSESSMENT
Conducting a family assessment
Developing a family plan
Selection and implementation of appropriate interventions
Evaluation of change
Closing a case
LEGAL CONTEXT FOR PROTECTIVE SERVICES INVOLVEMENT
MANDATORY REPORTING
Mandatory reporting professionals
Institutional reporting
Rights and responsibilities of reporters
Crisis Counseling Techniques
Penalties for failure to report
Caring for a child's needs after reporting
Thresholds and standards for reporting and investigating
Privileged communication
Overview of state-specific laws
PART II SUMMARY
PART III: UNDERSTANDING, ASSESSING, AND RESPONDING TO ABUSED AND NEGLECTED CHILDREN
PART III INTRODUCTION
ASSESSMENT OF CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT
Case Example: American Indian and Alaskan Native Communities
Information Gathered for a Risk Assessment
Physical Indicators of Abuse and Neglect
Behavioral Indicators of Abuse and Neglect
Psychological Indicators of Abuse and Neglect
Considerations for Children and Adults with Histories of Child Maltreatment
SCREENING AND INVESTIGATION
TRAUMA-INFORMED CHILD WELFARE
EVIDENCE-BASED ASSESSMENT TOOLS
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACES) Family Health History and Health
Appraisal Questionnaire
ACEs Screening Tool for Children and Adolescents
Other Screening Tools
Conducting Screenings
Parenting Practices versus Abuse
NEEDS OF CHILDREN AND ADULTS EXPOSED TO CHILD MALTREATMENT
Developmental Differences
Neurobiological Effects
Other Effects
Infant Assessment
Young Child Assessment
Adolescent Assessment
FAMILY DYNAMICS
Clinical Example
Intergenerational Transmission of Maltreatment
CHILD FATALITIES FROM MALTREATMENT
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF MALTREATMENT
Ecological-Transactional Framework for Understanding Child Maltreatment
Perpetrator Characteristics
RESILIENCE SKILLS AND OVERCOMING ADVERSITY
Clinical Example: Using Play as Resilience Building Tool
Other Resources for Resilience
Methods for Treatment
Evidence-Based Treatments
Prevention
PART III: SUMMARY
REFERENCES
PART I
PART II
PART III